Have you ever wondered what the difference is between amalgam (Silver) fillings and composite (tooth colored) fillings? There are pros and cons to both types, and for good reason, dentists these days are leaning towards using only composite fillings in their offices. Beginning in the 1800's dentists found that a mixture of metals could be used to fill teeth that had holes from decay. This amalgamation of materials generally composed of silver, tin, copper, mercury, and zinc, was incredibly strong and long-lasting. Since its development, it has been the primary make up of fillings all over the world. As science and technology progressed through the years we began to realize that the elemental mercury contained in amalgam fillings is a potentially toxic material. Elemental mercury comprises about 50% of the filling. Although amalgam fillings were easier to apply, less expensive and required less technical training, many dentists felt that the use of even a small amount of mercury was a hazard. As a material, amalgam is stronger than composite, but in use, it may also weaken teeth over the years because they contract and expand with temperature changes. This makes the teeth more susceptible to cracking. Recently dentists have found themselves replacing old amalgam fillings with new composite fillings upon the request of their patients. Composite fillings are made from synthetic resins. The material remains soft so the dentist has an easier time sculpting the filling to the tooth before it is hardened with a high intensity light. In addition to hardening the resin, the light helps to create a physical and chemical bond with the tooth. The nature of the resin allows them to be offered in a variety of shades and colors making it easier to match the tooth's original color. This color matching ability is essential in repairs of front teeth. Unlike amalgam fillings, composite fillings can restore most of the original strength of the tooth and requi re less removal of the original tooth structure. Composite material is also more versatile than amalgams because they are chemically bonded and do not need to be physically held in place. They can therefore be used to close gaps between teeth and repair cavities. This same material is used for temporary crowns and lab fabricated restorations (e.g. inlays, onlays, crowns). Recent advances in composite technology are resulting in more comfortable and durable fillings. These advantages of composites over amalgams makes them more appealing to future generations of dentists and patients alike. Our office only uses only composite fillings due to the potential toxicity of mercury in amalgam fillings. It is also more hazardous to handle and dispose of for our staff. We have had great success with using only composite fillings and many insurance companies have started covering them at a higher percentage than they used to. Dentistry has come a long way since the 1800's and continues to grow leaps and bounds. The advances, from safer materials to the use of lasers, makes for a more comfortable and aesthetic experience than before. As a dentist I know that many patients have a high anxiety level when dealing with dental decisions, so I want to make them feel as calm as possible with the best and most advanced techniques I can. Whichever type you decide to go with I hope you weigh the pros and cons and make an educated decision about your health.
Dr. Andrew Sheng is a reputable dentist in San Pedro California with great insight into patient care!
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